AVI Amathuluzi

Ngenxa yokuthi idlulele ngamashumi amabili. AVI iyifayela le-RIFF chunk: ukulandelana okuqinile kwe-audio nevidiyo exhunywe nge-index exhunywe ekugcineni. Akukho mibono ye-frame rate eshintshayo, akukho indawo yokubeka umsindo wesihloko, futhi i-index iyisizathu sokuthi ifayela elicushiwe lizohlala lingazithola ngaso sonke isikhathi. Konke okubi mayelana nefomethi libuyela emuva kulolu hlelo. AVI Microsoft Audio Video Interleave, isungulwe ngo-1992 phezu RIFF chunk format - eyodwa yezinto eziphilayo ezidala kakhulu okwamanje e circulation. I-AVI ayinaso isixhaso esisemthethweni se-codecs yamanje, isilinganiso sefreyimu esiguqukayo, izihloko ezithambile noma amafayela angaphezu kuka-4 GB ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa, futhi i-chunk ngayinye i-overhead ibhoboza ifayela.

Ngenxa yokuthi ifomu lilula ngokwanele ukubhalela ngesikhathi sangempela ku-hardware encane, futhi ngenxa yokuthi umndeni wezinto zokuqapha ukhishwe ngaso futhi awunakubuyekezwa. Idivayisi ayisebenzisi ukuhlolwa kokhwalithi, ibhala lokho i-firmware yayo ikwazi. Lokhu futhi kusho ukuthi kungani lezi fayela zikhulu ngento equkethwe kuzo nokuthi kungani ukushintshana kuzo kuyinto yokuqala umuntu oyenzayo.

Amabhuleki athumela ama-decoders kuluhlu oluncane lwefomethi, futhi AVI ayikho kulo — ilayisense, i-codec ehlukene evumela, noma nje ubudala bayo bugcina bungaphandle. Ihele alilahlekile futhi umdlali wedesktop uzovula, kodwa akukho okwenziwayo kukhasi kuzokwenza ibhuleki liyibonise. Ukushintsha ukuguqula kube nendawo yokugcinwa ye-web-native kuyindlela ethembekile kuphela yokudlala ngaphakathi.

I-format-level ceiling, hhayi iphutha ku-recorder. AVI ine-file-single-limit esebenzayo esebenza kahle ehamba phambili noma i-bitrate-high material, ngakho-ke isofthiwe yokuqapha ihlukanise ukurekhodwa ngaphezu kokuletha ihele alikwaziyo ukulibonisa. Ukudlulisa ku-container ngaphandle komkhawulo onjalo kwenza ama-pieces aphinde axhunywe kuvidiyo eyodwa eqhubekayo, okuvame ukuba yisizathu esingokoqobo abantu abaguqula le-format.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-software ifakazela. Ama-hardware video decoders afakazela kuphela uhlu oluqinile lwefomethi, futhi AVI ungaphandle kwayo kumadivayisi amaningi, ngakho-ke yonke ifreyimu ivuselelwa yi-CPU endaweni. Kudesktop yamanje elahlekile; ku-smartphone, i-laptop edala noma i-smart TV ivela njengefreyimu elahlekile, umsindo we-fan nebhethri elilahlekile. Ukudlulisa ku-hardware-supported format isusa izinkinga zonke. Amafayela we-AVI adlule ama-codecs amanje: cabanga i-MPEG-4 Part 2 (DivX/Xvid), Motion JPEG noma amafreyimu amnyama angacindezelwa ngaphandle kwe-H.264.

Uma nje kukhona okuthile okudingayo. Ifomethi ivuliwe, futhi akukho sidingo sokushintsha ingobo yomlando ongeke ukwenze kube nzima, kodwa akuyona indawo lapho ithuluzi noma umphumela uhamba khona. Kunoma yini entsha, ifomethi yamanje ayidingi lutho olungeziwe futhi ivimbela ukulandelana kwesifundo seminyaka emincane kusukela manje.

Ngakwesokudla, noma ngaphakathi kwesithombe. AVI ayinaso isingeniso sesihloko sesihloko, ngakho izinketho ezimbili yi-sidecar.srt ifayela umdlali efaka ngakwesokudla kwevidiyo, noma ukushaya umbhalo emafreyimu ngesikhathi sokucindezela kabusha. I-sidecar igcina isingeniso esingezansi esihleliwe futhi esishintshayo kodwa ihamba njengefayela lesithathu elilula ukulahleka; ukushaya ngaphakathi kuqhubeka noma yikuphi ukudluliswa kodwa akukwazi ukuvalwa ngemuva.

Ubudala bukhona akuyona inkinga - amafomethi amaningi onyaka akhona alungile, ngokucacile ngoba konke kudlule iminyaka eminingi ukuwafaka. Okubalulekile ukuthi unyaka uthathe isinqumo: amafayela amancane, amaprosesa aphansi, akukho nethiwekhi, futhi amakhono angeke afune umuntu. lapho amanani ahlala khona, ifomu lilungile. lapho ayikho, lena yisizathu sokushintsha.

Ngenxa yokuthi isitoreji siyinhlanganisela elula. AVI yacaciswa ngamaphuzu athile akhethekile weMicrosoft, futhi akukho okuningi ngaphandle kweWindows okuzothumela umbhalo oguquliwe kuwo - ngakho ihele livula, likhombisa isikhathi sayo, futhi likhiqiza isithombe noma umsindo. Ukufakela iphakethe le-codec kuyisinqumo esidala futhi esibucayi; ukushintsha umthwalo wezinto eziphilayo zibe yizinto zonke ze-platform eziguquliwe yilokho okuzohlala isikhathi eside.

Akunakho okukudingayo. Ama-codecs ahlobene ahlobene ne-patent pools, futhi ilayisense ibekwe ngabantu abathumela ama-decoders - ifoni, i-browser, i-operating system - isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ihele lifike kuwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifomu likhona kuwo wonke amahardware futhi kungani ama-royalty-free alternatives akhona, futhi ashintshanga noma yini mayelana nokushintsha ifayela oline.

Kuzokwenziwa, yebo. Ifomethi yacaciswa ngasinye noma izixhumanisi ezimbili, ngakho-ke umxhuzulane obhekene nawo kufanele uhlukaniswe ngezansi ku-stereo ukuze ulungele - okulungile kuma-headphones nama-speakers wefoni futhi okungalungile kunoma yini ehamba phambili ku-home cinema receiver. Uma umsuka une-multichannel mix efanele ukugcinwa, guqula ube yibhokisi eliphatha le nto ngaphandle kokushiya i-downmix ikwenzeke ngokuzimela.